Who is a terrorist?
by Wayne S. Smith
South Florida Sun-Sentinel
May 31, 2002
President Bush's speech in Miami on May 20 was new evidence that he is determined
at all costs to win the votes of the hard-line exiles. Whatever policies and
actions they want, he will try to give them. But that has serious implications
for the credibility of his war on terrorism. He describes for us, for example,
a Manichaean world in which there are the good guys and the bad guys, the "terrorists."
And as he has said over and over again, anyone who supports a terrorist, anyone
who harbors a terrorist, is a terrorist.
But if we go by that definition, there may be terrorists right in the Bush family.
In 1989, for example, the first President Bush went against the advice of his
own Justice Department and canceled the deportation of arch-terrorist Orlando
Bosch. Shortly thereafter, he set him free. Bosch was a Cuban exile who had
been convicted in the U.S. of terrorist activities and spent four years in prison.
Released in 1972, he then violated parole and fled to Latin America, ending
up eventually in Venezuela, where in 1976 he was imprisoned for masterminding
the bombing of a Cuban airliner with the loss of 73 lives, including
virtually the entire Cuban fencing team.
The hard-line exiles in Miami loved it. In 1983, the Miami City Commission
declared a "Dr. Orlando Bosch Day," apparently to honor him for his
acts of terrorism.
Released from Venezuelan prison under strange circumstances in 1987, Bosch returned
to Miami in 1988 without benefit of a visa and was almost immediately arrested
for his earlier parole violation. The Immigration and Naturalization Service
began proceedings to deport him. As the associate attorney general put it in
1989: "For 30 years, Bosch has been resolute and unwavering in his advocacy
of terrorist violence."
This was not an idle statement. The Justice Department had information linking
Bosch to more than 30 acts of sabotage and violence in the United States, Puerto
Rico, Panama and Venezuela. As the associate attorney general pointed out: "The
security of this nation is affected by its ability to urge credibly other nations
to refuse aid and shelter to terrorists....We could not shelter Dr. Bosch and
maintain that credibility."
The logic was unassailable, but , unfortunately, the case was not decided on
the base of logic. Miami congresswoman Ileana
Ros-Lehtinen and the usual bevy of hard-line Cuban exiles weren't going to have
it. They lobbied unrelentingly for Bosch's release. Among those in the forefront
of the lobbying effort was Jeb Bush, then managing Ileana Ros-Lehtinen's election
campaign.
In the face of all this pressure, coming even from his own son, the first President
Bush decided it was politically expedient to harbor a terrorist. Bosch was released
and still lives freely and unrepentant in Miami.
And the case of Orlando Bosch is not an isolated one.
Ros-Lehtinen has also urged the release of Valentine Hernandez, whose principal
crimes were the murder of other exiles -- exiles who dared to advocate a dialogue
with the Castro government. But Ros-Lehtinen thinks he should go free. And neither
she nor Gov. Bush, by the way, have ever backed away from their support of Orlando
Bosch.
And then there is the case of Luis Posada Carriles, who along with Bosch master-minded
the 1976 bombing of the Cuban airliner. He, too, spent time in a Venezuelan
prison, but escaped in 1985 and turned up in Central America working in Oliver
North's secret Contra operation, along with Felix Rodriguez, a key figure in
the Iran-Contra scandal with close ties to then Vice President Bush.
In 1998, Posada Carriles acknowledged in an interview with The New York Times
that he had directed the bombing of a number of hotels in Havana the previous
year which had resulted in the death of an Italian tourist. Though Posada Carriles
confessed his culpability, no charges were ever filed against him in the U.S.
Today, he is in prison in Panama, accused of involvement in a recent assassination
plot against Fidel Castro.
These elements in Florida who have helped to harbor terrorists are President
George W. Bush's closest political allies in the state. Indeed, some months
ago, he nominated Ileana Ros-Lehtinen's chief of staff, Mauricio Tamargo, for
an important position in the federal government. And Otto Reich, one of the
hardest of the hard-line Cuban-Americans and a close associate of the Cuban
American National Foundation, has been appointed assistant secretary of state
for Latin Americans affairs. Roger Noriega, formerly of Sen. Jesse Helm's staff,
is now our ambassador to the OAS. In short, those who have condoned
terrorism now seem to be running our Latin American policy.
President Bush's admonition should be rephrased, now to read: "Anyone who
has harbored a terrorist we don't like, is a terrorist. But anyone who harbors
terrorists we do like is OK. In fact, we may have a place for them in our administration!"
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Wayne S. Smith is a senior fellow at the Center for International Policy in
Washington, D.C. and former chief of the U.S.
Interests Section in Havana.